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Party Systems
How party systems differ across the world
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Articles and Book Chapters
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2013
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- "Do Party Systems Matter? Harvard International Review, 34 (Spring, 2013), 63-67.
- Demonstrates that party system competitiveness and stability are related to the World Bank's measure, Rule of Law, in hundred of countries. See more complete data in Party Systems and Country Governance.
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2012
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- "Governance in Democracies and Non-Democracies," in Ann Marie Bissessar (ed.), Governance: Is It for Everyone? (Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2012), pp. 141-159.
- Assesses the strength of that theory using the 2007 Worldwide Governance Indicators
for 212 countries and their ratings by Freedom House as Free,
Partly Free, or Not Free. Controlling for country size and
wealth, regression analyses explain upwards of sixty percent
of the variance in WGI scores.
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2011 |
Data for party systems in 21 regions of the world reported in Party Systems and Country Governance.
Multiple regression analysis shows that country size, wealth,
and party system traits explain over one-half to more than
two-thirds of the variation
in the World Bank Governance Indicators.
- "Party Systems and Country Governance," Vox POP, 28 (Summer, 2011), pp. 1-2,
- Country governance refers to the extent to which a state delivers to its citizens the desired benefits of
government at acceptable costs. This note describes" how Jin-Yung Kwak and I address the question: "Does the nature of a country's political party system affect the quality of its
governance?" in Party Systems and Country Governance
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2010
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- "Party System Effects on Country governance: A Cross-National Analysis," Korean Political Science Review, 45 (No. 3, 2010), 7-41. (with Jin-Young Kwak)
- Country governance is defined as the extent to which a state delivers desired
benefits of government at acceptable costs. Standard theory
in comparative political parties says that the quality of
country governance should be better in countries (1) with
party systems than without them, (2) where party systems
are competitive, (3) where party systems are aggregative,
and (4) where party systems are stable. We test those propositions
using the 2007 Worldwide Governance Indicators for 212 countries
matched with our own. comprehensive set of data for the same countries.
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- "Measuring Party System: Revisiting Competiveness and Volatility in Parliamentary
Party Systems," The Korean Journal of Area Studies, 28 (August, 2010), 21-49 (with Jin-Young Kwak)
- This study aims to generate indicators of party system applicable to studies
of measuring the party system, and to conceptualize party
system properties with eight measures of party system,
i.e., strength of the largest party, actual number of parties
in parliament, fractionalization index by Rae, effective
number of parties by Laakso and Taagepera, aggregation
index by Mayer, volatility seat renovated from Pederson's,
strength of the second largest party and the strength of
the third largest parties.
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- "Country Governance, Rule of Law, and Party Systems," in the Russian language journal, Political Science, (No. 4, 2010), 113-142. See the Russian language version, GOVERNANCE,
- The issue in answering the question—"What is governance?"—is whether its definition advances understanding. In other words, is the concept
linked to the term useful to inquiry? If so, how? This
paper links governance to national politics, specifically
to how well governments function in different countries.
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Papers and Addresses
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2010
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- "Party Systems Effects on Country Governance, II" Paper presented at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the America Political Science
Association, Washington, DC. (with Jin-young Kwak and Julieta
Suarez-Cao)
- Describes research recently completed for a forthcoming book, Party Systems and
Country Governance. The paper's presentation parallels chapters
in the forthcoming book. It provides thumbnail sketches of
the first five chapters and summaries of later ones. It is
also the sequel to a paper delivered at the 2010 meeting
of the Midwest Political Science Association. This paper
summarizes research methodology reported at greater length
in the Midwest paper and uses two additional variables. Its
extended findings show that party system traits have significant
and relatively consistent effects on country governance in
212 countries, as measured by the Worldwide Governance Indicators.
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- "Party System Effects on Country Governance, I" Paper presented at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science
Association, Chicago. (with Jin-young Kwak and Julieta Suarez-Cao)
- Reviewed various measures of party system properties and identified party system
fragmentation, competitiveness, and volatility as central
to scholarly attention and party theory. Assembling a unique
set of data on seats held by parliamentary parties over two
elections in 189 countries, we created measures for each
of the three dimensions. We then tested three standard theories
of the effects of party systems on country governance, using
primarily data on the Rule of Law in 211 countries assembled
in a World Bank project for 2007.
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2009
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- "Competition and Volatility in Parliamentary Party Systems for 212 Polities," Paper presehted at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science
Association, Chicago. (with Jinyoung Kwak)
- We demonstrate the effects of country size, wealth, and politics on the World
Bank's Indicators (WGI) representing the quality of governance
in 212 polities in 2007. These indicators, created by Kaufmann,
Kraay, and Mastruzzi (KKM), covered all 192 members of
the United Nations.
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1980
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- "A Note on Measures of Party System Change," Comparative Political Studies, 12 (January, 1980), 412-423.
- In this symposium Mogens Pedersen argues against measuring party system change
by comparing stalic measures of "fractionalization," and proposes a measure based on (,.-IHInges in party strength from time I to
time 2, Shankar Bose proposes a related measure of party
system change that combines changes in strength with changes
in party continuity over time. This article compares their
measures as applied to data from tcn party systems.
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1994
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- "Restructuring the Party Systems in Central Europe," paper delivered at an International Symposium, Democratization and Political Reform in Korea, sponsored by the Korean Political Science Association, Seoul, Korea, November
19, 1994.
- (1) To what extent are individual parties in central and eastern Europe becoming
institutionalized? (2) How stable (or how volatile) are
the voting patterns for parties across elections? (3) How
does the experience of these "postauthoritarian" elections compare with the first elections in Western Europe following the end
of World War II? This paper will offer some answers to
these questions with specific reference to the political
experience of four central European countries: the Czech
Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia.
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1971
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- "Diversities Among Political Parties in Industrialized Societies," paper delivered at the Symposium on Comparative Analysis of Highly Industrialized
Societies, sponsored by the International Social Science
Council and held in Bellagio, Italy, August 1-17, 1971.
- This paper contributes to the Symposium on Comparative Analysis of Highly Industrialized
Societies by examining the means and variances of party
properties (represented by the same seven concepts) when
political parties are grouped into three levels of industrialization
attained by their parent nations. This examination will
allow for testing some rudimentary propositions concerning
party properties and levels of industrialization across
nations, and it will foreshadow some possible problems
in building and testing any social theory that involves
party variables and pertains specifically to highly industrialized
societies.
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Book Reviews
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2019
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- Piero Ignazi,
- Party and Democracy: The Uneven Road to Party Legitimacy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017) in Party Politics (2019)
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2003
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- Larry Diamond and Richard Gunther (eds.),
- Political Parties and Democracy (Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001) in Party Politics, 9 (March, 2003), 257-259.
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1998
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- Moshe Maor,
- Political Parties and Party Systems: Comparative Approaches and the British Experience, (London and New York: Routledge, 1997). In Governance: An International Journal of Policy and Administration, 2 (April, 1998), 246-247.
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1992
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- Tatu Vanhanen.
- The Process of Democratization: A Comparative Study of 147 States, 1980-1988 (New York: Crane Russak, 1991). In Journal of Politics, 54 (August, 1992), 928-930.
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1978
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- Lawrence C. Dodd.
- Coalitions in Parliamentary Government. (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1976) in The American Political Science Review, 72 (June, 1978), 722-724.
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