Pradeep Chhibber, "Dynastic parties: Organization, finance and impact," Party Politics, 19 (March 2013), 277-295. [Available at http://ppq.sagepub.com/content/vol19/issue2/ ]

First paragraph:
Some political parties in India are dynastic: the top leadership comes from within a family. Consider the Congress Party, where the top leadership has stayed within the Nehru family, starting with Nehru himself and flowing to Indira Gandhi, Sanjay Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia Gandhi, and now Rahul Gandhi.1 A whole slew of regional parties follow a similar pattern, where the top leadership remains within a single family.2 These state-level parties include the Akali Dal in Punjab; Shiv Sena in Maharashtra; National Congress Party of Maharashtra; theDMK(Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam) in Tamil Nadu; the Telugu Desam of Andhra Pradesh; the Biju Janata Dal in Orissa; and the Samajwadi Party of Uttar Pradesh. In the aftermath of the 2009 national elections there has been commentary in newspapers and on television in India and elsewhere noting the dynastic nature of Indian party politics

Figures and Tables:

Table 1. Dynastic parties in the Indian states.

Table 2. Partisan attachment in dynastic and non-dynastic parties.

Table 3. Dynastic parties and party organization.

Table 4. Number of parties, electoral volatility and independent candidates in dynastic states.

Figure 1. Type of party competition and political representation.

Last Paragraph:
(First paragrah of conclusion) This paper makes an initial attempt to understand why some parties are dynastic. It posits that the internal organization of a party influences whether a party is dynastic or not. It has shown that three conditions can lead to a party becoming dynastic. First, the party should not have an independent party organization. Second, the party should not rely on an independent civil society association that will mobilize voters for the party. The third condition suggests that funds for the party must be collected and disbursed centrally. The paper then showed that the presence of dynastic parties leads to greater party system instability and also to a representation deficit.